# Sermorelin References: The Cited Literature Behind the Record

> The full reference list behind this sermorelin digest — every GHRH(1-29) endocrine, pharmacokinetic, and anti-doping detection citation with DOI and PubMed links.

Every figure on this site traces to one of these sources. Endocrine, pharmacokinetic, and anti-doping detection studies, with DOIs and PubMed identifiers.

## How to read this list

Each numbered citation below corresponds to a bracketed marker used across this digest. The list spans the foundational endocrine and pharmacokinetic studies (Thorner 1996, Corpas 1992, Wilton 1993), the editorial framing of secretagogue therapy and its limits (Walker 2006, Blackman 2008), the GHRH-analog cognition trial (Baker 2012), the anti-doping detection methods that confirm GHRH analogs in urine and plasma (Thomas 2016, Pont 2020, Esposito 2021, Thomas 2024, Uçaktürk 2026), the class-context and delivery-chemistry references (Svensson 2000, Lee 2003), the 2025 Nature Reviews Endocrinology synthesis (Granata 2025), and FDA's Section 503A compounding record. Every identifier is provided so any claim can be verified at source.

## References

[1] Thorner M, Rochiccioli P, Colle M, Lanes R, Grunt J, Galazka A, Landy H, Eengrand P, Shah S. Once daily subcutaneous growth hormone-releasing hormone therapy accelerates growth in growth hormone-deficient children during the first year of therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81(3):1189-1196. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8772599/
[2] Corpas E, Harman SM, Pineyro MA, Roberson R, Blackman MR. Growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone-(1-29) twice daily reverses the decreased GH and insulin-like growth factor-I levels in old men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992;75(2):530-535. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1379256/
[3] Wilton P, Chardet Y, Danielson K, Widlund L, Gunnarsson R. Pharmacokinetics of growth hormone-releasing hormone(1-29)-NH2 and stimulation of growth hormone secretion in healthy subjects after intravenous or intranasal administration. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1993;388:10-15. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329825/
[4] Walker RF. Sermorelin: a better approach to management of adult-onset growth hormone insufficiency? Clin Interv Aging. 2006;1(4):307-308. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18046908/
[5] Blackman MR. Use of growth hormone secretagogues to prevent or treat the effects of aging: not yet ready for prime time. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149(9):677-679. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18981489/
[6] Baker LD, Barsness SM, Borson S, Merriam GR, Friedman SD, Craft S, Vitiello MV. Effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone on cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults: results of a controlled trial. Arch Neurol. 2012;69(11):1420-1429. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00257712. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22869065/
[7] Esposito S, et al. Advances in the detection of growth hormone releasing hormone synthetic analogs. Drug Test Anal. 2021. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34665524/
[8] Thomas A, et al. Qualitative identification of growth hormone-releasing hormones in human plasma by means of immunoaffinity purification and LC-HRMS/MS. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2016;408(13):3457-3464. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26879649/
[9] Pont L, Alechaga É, Terrero A, et al. Comparison of magnetic bead surface functionalities for the immunopurification of growth hormone-releasing hormones prior to liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2020;1631:461548. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32971474/
[10] Svensson J, et al. The GH secretagogues ipamorelin and GH-releasing peptide-6 increase bone mineral content in adult female rats. J Endocrinol. 2000;165(3):569-577. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10828840/
[11] Lee H, et al. PEGylation of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GRF) analogues. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2003;55(10):1369-1377. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14499707/
[12] Granata R, Leone S, Zhang X, Gesmundo I, Steenblock C, Cai R, Sha W, Ghigo E, Hare JM, Bornstein SR, Schally AV. Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2025;21(3):180-195. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39537825/
[13] Uçaktürk E, Nemutlu E. Analysis of growth hormone releasing hormone and its analogs in urine using nano liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole/orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2026;243:117207. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41138283/
[14] Thomas A, Walpurgis K, Thevis M. Chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of peptidic analytes (2-10 kDa) in doping control urine samples. J Mass Spectrom. 2024;59(2):e4996. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38197510/
[15] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Bulk Drug Substances Used in Compounding Under Section 503A of the FD&C Act. FDA.gov; 2025. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/bulk-drug-substances-used-compounding-under-section-503a-fdc-act

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A forensic reading board for the GHRH(1-29) record — every endocrine figure, half-life, and metabolite logged to the study that measured it, the body-composition data filed where it belongs as tesamorelin, and the literature treated like an analyte read against a threshold: present and cited, or marked absent; no clinic behind the board and nothing here dosed, dispensed, or sold.